He sat silent (or idle, cross-legged, thinking, writing a letter, surrounded by friends).
参考译文:他静静地坐着(无所事事,盘腿交叉,在思考,在写一封信,周围都是朋友)
【1】形容词作状语,表示谓语动词动作发生时,主语所处的状态,即He sat silent,idle, cross-legged=He was silent,idle and crossed when he sat.【当他坐着的时候,他不说话,无事可做且盘腿交叉】
备注:以上的“形容词silent/idle/cross-legged”都是作谓语动词“sat”方式/伴随状语。
【2】现在分词作状语,表示谓语动词动作发生时,主语正在做某事,即He sat thinking,writing a letter=He was thinking and writing a letter when he sat.【当他坐着的时候,他正在思考并在写一封信。】
备注:以上的“现在分词thinking ,writing a letter”都是作谓语动词“sat”方式/伴随状语。
【3】过去分词作状语,表示谓语动词动作发生时,主语被做某事,即,He sat surrounded by friends=He was surrounded by friends when he sat.【当他坐着的时候,他被朋友包围着/他周围都是朋友。】
备注:以上的“过去分词surrounded by friends”都是作谓语动词“sat”方式/伴随状语。
【特别备注:】【谓语动词动作属于“主要动作”非谓语动词动作属于“次要动作”,非谓语动词动作要比谓语动词动作低一个层次.】
更多类似于谓语动词sit+形容词/现在分词/过去分词句子如下
She sat motionless, waiting for their decision.她坐在那里一动不动,等候他们作出决定。
She sat silent in her own room.她在自己的房间里一动不动地坐着。
We sat cross-legged on the blanket-covered kang .我们盘腿坐在铺了毯子的炕上。
The books sat unread on the shelf for years.这些书在书架上搁了许多年无人读过。
She sat drinking her beer.她坐着饮啤酒。
Don't just sit watching, come and help me!别只是坐着看,来帮我!